The Italian National Health System (NHS): a guide for foreigners planning to visit or move to Italy

EU citizens

Those from a European Union country can access necessary treatment by showing the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC), with the same conditions as for Italian residents.

Non-EU citizens

Those who legally reside in Italy with a residence permit can register with the SSN and receive care free of charge or by paying an annual fee, depending on the type of permit. Some categories, such as EU Blue Card holders, have a right-duty to enroll for free. Elective residence permit holders, on the other hand, can join voluntarily, paying the fee set by the government.

Visitors and tourists

Those who are in Italy for a short time must have health insurance valid for the Schengen area. If needed, they can access emergency rooms for emergencies and receive standard care, with direct payment for nonemergency services.

Private coverage and health facilities

In addition to public hospitals, there are private clinics affiliated with the NHS, which offer services at no additional cost to public ones, and private non-contracted clinics, where expenses are the responsibility of the patient or his or her insurance company. Many insurance policies for foreigners cover useful services such as:

• interpreter in case of an accident
• medical advice by telephone
• doctor at home in emergencies
• urgent hospitalizations and surgeries
• medical re-entry without spending limits

In summary: The Italian health care system combines public coverage and private services, guaranteeing universal care but with possible waiting times. For long-stayers or those relocating, it is important to consider supplementing the SSN with private insurance coverage so as to have greater speed and choice in care.